D
- daemon
- A networking program, usually associated with UNIX systems, that
runs in the background performing utility functions such as housekeeping
or maintenance without user intervention or awareness. Pronounced
"demon".
- DARPA model
- The four-layer model that is used to describe the TCP/IP protocol
suite. The four layers of the DoD (Department of Defense) Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA) model are: Application, Transport,
Internet, and Network Interface.
- data decryption field (DDF)
- A header field, in a file encrypted by using the Encrypting File
System, that contains the file encryption key encrypted with the file
encryptor's public key.
- Data Encryption Standard (DES)
- An encryption algorithm that uses a 56-bit key, and maps a 64-bit
input block to a 64-bit output block. The key appears to be a 64-bit
key, but one bit in each of the 8 bytes is used for odd parity, resulting
in 56 bits of usable key.
- Data Link Control (DLC)
- A protocol used primarily for IBM mainframe computers and printer
connectivity.
- data recovery field (DRF)
- A header field, in a file encrypted by using the Encrypting File
System, that contains the file encryption key encrypted with a recovery
agent's public key.
- data stream
- All information transferred over a network at any given time.
- data-link layer
- A layer that packages raw bits from the physical layer into frames
(logical, structured packets for data). This layer is responsible
for transferring frames from one computer to another, without errors.
After sending a frame, the data-link layer waits for an acknowledgment
from the receiving computer.
- Database Manager
- The Cluster service component that controls access to the cluster
database.
- datagram
- An unacknowledged packet of data sent to another network destination.
The destination can be another device directly reachable on the local
area network (LAN) or a remote destination reachable using routed
delivery through a packet-switched network.
- datagram socket
- A socket using the Windows Sockets API that provides a connectionless,
unreliable flow of data.
- DCOM
- See Distributed Component Object Model.
- DCOM Configuration tool
- A Windows NT Server tool that can be used to configure 32-bit
applications for DCOM communication over the network. See also DCOM.
- dead gateway detection
- The practice of the Windows 2000 TCP/IP protocol to change
the default gateway to the next default gateway in the list of configured
default gateways when a specific number of connections retransmit
segments.
- deallocate
- To return media to the available state after they have been used
by an application.
- decommissioned state
- A state that indicates that media have reached their allocation
maximum.
- decryption
- The process of making encrypted data readable again by converting
ciphertext to plaintext. See also ciphertext; encryption; plaintext.
- deep search
- See search scope.
- default gateway
- A configuration item for the TCP/IP protocol that is the IP address
of a directly reachable IP router. Configuring a default gateway creates
a default route in the IP routing table.
- default host
- The host with the highest host priority for which a drainstop command
is not in progress. After convergence, the default host handles all
of the network traffic for TCP and UDP ports that are not otherwise
covered by port rules. See also convergence; drainstop; host priority;
port rule; User Datagram Protocol.
- default network
- In the Macintosh environment, the physical network on which the
processes of the server reside as nodes and on which the server appears
to users. The default network of the server must be one to which that
server is attached. Only servers on AppleTalk Phase 2 internets have
default networks.
- default printer
- The printer to which a computer sends documents if the Print command
is selected without first specifying which printer to use with a program.
- default route
- A route that is used when no other routes for the destination are
found in the routing table. For example, if a router or end system
cannot find a network route or host route for the destination, the
default route is used. The default route is used to simplify the configuration
of end systems or routers. For IP routing tables, the default route
is the route with the network destination of 0.0.0.0 and netmask of
0.0.0.0.
- default subnet mask
- A subnet mask that is used on an Internet Address Class-based network.
The subnet mask for Class A is 255.0.0.0. The subnet mask for Class
B is 255.255.0.0. The subnet mask for Class C is 255.255.255.0.
- default zone
- The zone to which all Macintosh clients on a network are assigned
by default.
- defaultObjectCategory
- The distinguished name of the classSchema object for the class that
should be used by default as the objectCategory for new instances
of this class. This is an indexed property used to make object class
searches fast and efficient.
By default, defaultObjectCategory is set to the distinguished name
of the classSchema object for this class. If this object will be
frequently queried by the value of a super class rather than the
object's own class, the defaultObjectCategory can be defined in
the schema to the desired value.
If you are sub-classing a structural class, best practice is to
set this to the same value as the superclass. This allows the standard
UI to "find" your sub-class.
- deferred procedure call (DPC)
- A kernel-defined control object type that represents a procedure
that is to be called later. A DPC runs at DISPATCH_LEVEL IRQL. A DPC
can be used when a timer event occurs or when an ISR needs to perform
more work but should do so at a lower interrupt request level than
the one at which an ISR executes. In an SMP environment, a DPC might
run immediately on a processor other than the current one, or might
run after another interrupt has run on the current processor.
- defragmentation
- The process of rewriting parts of a file to contiguous sectors on
a hard disk to increase the speed of access and retrieval. When files
are updated, the computer tends to save these updates on the largest
continuous space on the hard disk, which is often on a different sector
than the other parts of the file. When files are thus fragmented,
the computer must search the hard disk each time the file is opened
to find all of the parts of the file, which slows down response time.
In Active Directory, defragmentation rearranges how the data is written
in the directory database file to compact it. See also fragmentation.
- delegation
- The ability to assign responsibility for management and administration
of a portion of the namespace to another user, group, or organization.
For DNS, a name service record in the parent zone that lists the name
server authoritative for the delegated zone. See also inheritance;
parenting.
- delegation wizard
- A wizard used to distribute precise elements of the administrator's
workload to others.
- demand-dial connection
- A connection, typically using a circuit-switched wide area network
link, that is initiated when data needs to be forwarded. The demand-dial
connection is typically terminated when there is no traffic.
- demand-dial filter
- An IP packet filter that specifies what types of TCP/IP traffic
either creates the connection or ignores it for the purposes of creating
the connection.
- demand-dial interface
- A logical interface that represents a demand-dial connection (a
PPP link) that is configured on the calling router. The demand-dial
interface contains configuration information such as the port to use,
the addressing used to create the connection (such as a phone number),
authentication and encryption methods, and authentication credentials.
- demand-dial routing
- Routing that makes dial-up connections to connect networks based
on need. For example, a branch office with a modem that dials and
establishes a connection only when there is network traffic from one
office to another.
- demultiplexing
- The action of forwarding a packet to the proper process, such as
when an IPX packet arrives at its destination and is handed to the
IPX protocol.
- denial-of-service attack
- An attack in which an attacker exploits a weakness or a design limitation
of a network service to overload or halt the service, so that the
service is not available for use. This type of attack is typically
launched to prevent other users from using a network service such
as a Web server or a file server.
- dependency
- In clustering, the state in which one resource must be online before
a second resource can come online.
- dependency tree
- A discrete set of resources that are connected to each other by
dependency relationships. All resources in a specified dependency
tree must be members of a single group. See also dependency; resource.
- designated router (DR)
- An OSPF router that forms adjacencies with all other routers on
a multiple access network.
- desired free space
- The amount of free space that should be maintained on a volume at
all times during normal use.
- desktop
- The on-screen work area in which windows, icons, menus, and dialog
boxes appear.
- device
- Any piece of equipment that can be attached to a network or computer,
for example, a computer, printer, joystick, adapter or modem card,
or any other peripheral equipment. Devices normally require a device
driver to function with Windows 2000. See also device driver.
- device driver
- A program that allows a specific device, such as a modem, network
adapter, or printer, to communicate with Windows 2000. Although
a device can be installed on a system, Windows 2000 cannot use
the device until the appropriate driver has been installed and configured.
If a device is listed in the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), a
driver is usually included with Windows 2000. Device drivers
load (for all enabled devices) when a computer is started, and thereafter
run invisibly. See also Hardware Compatibility List (HCL).
- device fonts
- Fonts that reside in your printer. They can be built into the printer
itself or provided by a font cartridge or font card. See also printer
fonts.
- Dfs
- See Distributed file system.
- Dfs link
- Part of the Distributed file system (Dfs) topology that lies below
the Dfs root and forms a connection to one or more shared folders
or another Dfs root. It does this by mapping a DNS name to the standard
UNC of the target shared folder.
- Dfs root
- A Server Message Block share at the top of the Dfs topology that
is the starting point for the links and shared files that make up
the Dfs namespace. A Dfs root can be defined at the domain level,
for domain-based operation, or at the server level, for stand-alone
operation. Domain-based Dfs can have multiple roots in the domain
but only one root on each server. See also namespace.
- Dfs shared folder
- Files or folders in the Dfs namespace that are shared by users with
proper permissions. Shared folders can exist at the root level (domain-based
Dfs only) or be referred to by Dfs links.
- Dfs topology
- The overall logical hierarchy of a Distributed file system, including
elements such as roots, links, shared folders, and replica sets, as
depicted in the Dfs administrative console. This is not to be confused
with the Dfs namespace, which is the logical view of shared resources
seen by users.
- DHCP
- See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
- DHCP Manager
- The primary tool used to manage DHCP servers. The DHCP Manager is
a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) tool that is added to the Administrative
Tools menu when the DHCP service is installed.
- DHCP relay agent
- A routing component that transfers messages between DHCP clients
and DHCP service located on separate networks.
- DHCP service
- A service, that enables a computer to function as a DHCP server
and configure DHCP-enabled clients on a network. DHCP runs on a server,
enabling the automatic, centralized management of IP addresses and
other TCP/IP configuration settings for a network's clients.
- dialog box
- A window that is displayed to request or supply information. Many
dialog boxes have options which must be selected before Windows NT
can carry out a command.
- dictionary attack
- An attack in which an attacker tries known words in the dictionary
and numerous common password names in an attempt to "guess"
the password. Because most users prefer easily remembered passwords,
dictionary attacks are often a shortcut to finding a password in significantly
less time than key search (brute force) attacks would take to find
the same password. See also key search attack.
- Diffie-Hellman (DH) algorithm
- An algorithm that predates Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) encryption
and offers better performance. It is one of the oldest and most secure
algorithms used for key exchange. The two parties publicly exchange
keying information, which Windows 2000 additionally protects
with hash function encryption. Neither party ever exchanges the actual
key; however, after their exchange of keying material, each is able
to generate the identical shared key. At no time is the actual key
ever exchanged.
- Diffie-Hellman Groups
- Groups used to determine the length of the base prime numbers (key
material) for the DH exchange. The strength of any key derived from
a DH exchange depends in part on the strength of the DH group the
primes are based upon.
- Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement
- See Diffie-Hellman (DH) algorithm.
- digital certificate
- See certificate.
- digital signature
- A means for originators of a message, file, or other digitally--encoded
information to bind their identity to the information. The process
of digitally signing information entails transforming the information,
as well as some secret information held by the sender, into a tag
called a signature. Digital signatures are used in public key environments
and they provide nonrepudiation and integrity services. See also public
key cryptography.
- Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)
- See Digital Signature Security Standard.
- Digital Signature Security Standard
(DSS)
- A standard that uses the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) for its
signature algorithm and SHA-1 as its message hash algorithm. DSA is
a public key algorithm that is used only to generate digital signatures
and cannot be used for data encryption. Digital Signature Standard
is also called DSS.
- direct delivery
- The delivery of an IP packet by an IP node to the final destination
on a directly attached network.
- direct hosting
- A feature that allows Windows 2000 computers using Microsoft
file and print sharing to communicate over IPX, bypassing the NetBIOS
layer.
- direct memory access (DMA)
- Memory access that does not involve the microprocessor. DMA is frequently
used for data transfer directly between memory and a peripheral device,
such as a disk drive.
- directory
- An information source that contains information about computer files
or other objects. In a file system, a directory stores information
about files. In a distributed computing environment (such as a Windows 2000
domain), the directory stores information about objects such as printers,
applications, databases, and users.
- directory partition
- A contiguous subtree of Active Directory that is replicated as a
unit to other domain controllers in the forest that contain a replica
of the same subtree. In Active Directory, a single server always holds
at least three directory partitions: schema, (class and attribute
definitions for the directory); configuration (replication topology
and related metadata); domain (subtree that contains the per-domain
objects for one domain). The schema and configuration directory partitions
are replicated to every domain controller in a specified forest. A
domain directory partition is replicated only to domain controllers
for that domain. In addition to a full, writable replica of its own
domain directory partition, a Global Catalog server also holds partial,
read-only replicas of all other domain directory partitions in the
forest. See also full replica; Global Catalog; partial replica.
- directory service
- Both the directory information source and the service that make
the information available and usable. A directory service enables
the user to find an object given any one of its attributes. See also
Active Directory; directory.
- directory store
- The physical storage for Active Directory directory partition replicas
on a given domain controller. The store is implemented using the Extensible
Storage Engine.
- directory system agent (DSA)
- The process that manages and provides access to stored directory
information.
- directory tree
- A hierarchy of objects and containers in a directory that can be
viewed graphically as an upside-down tree, with the root object at
the top. Endpoints in the tree are usually single (leaf) objects,
and nodes in the tree, or branches, are container objects. A tree
shows how objects are connected in terms of the path from one object
to another. A simple tree is a single container and its objects. A
contiguous subtree is any unbroken path in the tree, including all
the members of any container in that path.
- disable
- To make a device nonfunctional. For example, if a device in a hardware
profile is disabled, the device cannot be used while using that hardware
profile. Disabling a device frees the resources that were allocated
to the device.
- disabled user account
- A user account that does not permit logging on. The account appears
in the user account list of Local Users and Groups or Active Directory
Users and Computers and can be re-enabled by a member of the Administrators
group at any time. See also user account.
- disconnected placeholder
- A placeholder whose file contents have been removed from remote
storage. A disconnected placeholder could have been restored from
backup after the space in remote storage was reclaimed, or the data
within remote storage is physically unavailable (for example, because
of a media failure).
- discontiguous namespace
- Namespace that is based on different DNS root domain names, such
as that of multiple trees in the same forest. See also flat namespace;
hierarchical namespace; namespace.
- discovery
- A process by which the Windows 2000 Net Logon service attempts
to locate a domain controller running Windows 2000 Server in
the trusted domain. Once a domain controller has been discovered,
it is used for subsequent user account authentication. For SNMP, dynamic
discovery is the identification of devices attached to an SNMP network.
- discretionary access control list
(DACL)
- The part of an object's security descriptor that grants or denies
specific users and groups permission to access the object. Only the
owner of an object can change permissions granted or denied in a DACL;
thus access to the object is at the owner's discretion. See also access
control entry; object; security descriptor; system access control
list.
- disjoint networks
- Networks that are separate and unaware of each other.
- disjointed subnet
- Subnets of a subnetted IP network ID that are not contiguous (connected
by the same routers).
- disk
- A physical data storage device attached to a computer. See also
basic disk; dynamic disk.
- disk bottleneck
- A condition that occurs when disk performance is reduced to the
extent that overall system performance is affected.
- disk quota
- The maximum amount of disk space available to a user.
- display adapter
- An expansion board that plugs into a personal computer to give it
display capabilities. A computer's display capabilities depend on
both the logical circuitry (provided in the video adapter) and the
monitor. Each adapter offers several different video modes. The two
basic categories of video modes are text and graphic. Within the text
and graphic modes, some monitors also offer a choice of resolutions.
At lower resolutions a monitor can display more colors. Modern adapters
contain memory, so that the computer's RAM is not used for storing
displays. In addition, most adapters have their own graphics coprocessor
for performing graphics calculations. These adapters are often called
graphics accelerators. See also network adapter.
- display specifiers
- Objects in Active Directory that store localized graphical user
interface information. Display specifiers enable the graphical user
interface to be extended for each class of object in Active Directory.
- distance vector
- A routing protocol technology in which routing information is advertised
as a series of network IDs and their distance in hops from the advertising
router. Routing information exchanged between typical distance vector-based
routers is unsynchronized and unacknowledged.
- distinguished name
- A name that uniquely identifies an object by using the relative
distinguished name for the object, plus the names of container objects
and domains that contain the object. The distinguished name identifies
the object as well as its location in a tree. Every object in Active
Directory has a distinguished name. An example of a distinguished
name is CN=MyName,CN=Users,DC=Reskit,DC=Com.
This distinguished name identifies the "MyName" user
object in the reskit.com domain.
- Distributed Component Object Model
(DCOM)
- The Microsoft Component Object Model (COM) specification that defines
how components communicate over Windows-based networks. Use the DCOM
Configuration tool to integrate client/server applications across
multiple computers. DCOM can also be used to integrate robust Web
browser applications. See also DCOM Configuration tool.
- Distributed Data Management (DDM)
- An underlying database architecture provided by the host system,
used by IBM.
- distributed DHCP
- A DHCP scenario in which IP addresses are distributed across a site
boundary.
- Distributed file system (Dfs)
- A Windows 2000 service consisting of software residing on network
servers and clients that transparently links shared folders located
on different file servers into a single namespace for improved load
sharing and data availability.
- distributed processing
- A computing environment that contains a client and a server. This
structure allows the workload to be divided into parts yet appear
as a single process.
- Distributed Relational Database Architecture
(DRDA)
- An IBM distributed database protocol that provides access to IBM
DB2 relational database programs on IBM host platforms including IBM
Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS) and AS/400 systems.
- distribution folder
- The folder created on the Windows 2000 distribution server
to contain the Setup files.
- distribution point
- In Systems Management Server, a site system with the distribution
point role that stores package files received from a site server.
Systems Management Server clients contact distribution points to obtain
programs and files after they detect that an advertised application
is available from a client access point.
- distribution point group
- In Systems Management Server, a set of distribution points that
can be managed as a single entity.
- DNS
- See Domain Name System.
- DNS Notify
- A revision to the DNS standard (RFC 1996) that proposes that the
master server for a zone notify certain secondary servers for that
zone of changes, and the secondary servers can then check to see whether
they need to initiate a zone transfer. See also master server; secondary
server.
- DNS resolver
- A component of the TCP/IP protocol that sends Domain Name System
(DNS) queries to a DNS server.
- DNS server
- A computer that runs DNS server programs containing name-to-IP address
mappings, IP address-to-name mappings, information about the domain
tree structure, and other information. DNS servers also attempt to
resolve client queries.
- DNS suffix
- For DNS, an optional parent domain name that can be appended to
the end of a relative domain name that is used in a name query or
host lookup. The DNS suffix can be used to complete an alternate fully
qualified DNS domain name to be searched when the first attempt to
query a name fails.
- DNS suffix search list
- A list of domain names specified on the DNS tab of the Advanced
TCP/IP Settings page. During name resolution, the resolver appends
these domain names one by one to form a fully qualified domain name.
- domain
- In Windows 2000 and Active Directory, a collection of computers
defined by the administrator of a Windows 2000 Server network
that share a common directory database. A domain has a unique name
and provides access to the centralized user accounts and group accounts
maintained by the domain administrator. Each domain has its own security
policies and security relationships with other domains and represents
a single security boundary of a Windows 2000 computer network.
Active Directory is made up of one or more domains, each of which
can span more than one physical location. For DNS, a domain is any
tree or subtree within the DNS namespace. Although the names for DNS
domains often correspond to Active Directory domains, DNS domains
should not be confused with Windows 2000 and Active Directory
networking domain.
- domain consolidation
- The process of combining two or more domains into a larger domain.
- domain controller
- For a Windows NT Server or Windows 2000 Server domain,
the server that authenticates domain logons and maintains the security
policy and the security accounts master database for a domain. Domain
controllers manage user access to a network, which includes logging
on, authentication, and access to the directory and shared resources.
- domain controller discovery
- A process by which the Net Logon service attempts to locate a domain
controller that is running Windows NT Server in the trusted domain.
After a domain controller has been discovered, it is used for subsequent
user account authentication.
- domain controller locator (Locator)
- An algorithm that runs in the context of the Net Logon service and
that finds domain controllers on a Windows 2000 network. Locator
can find domain controllers by using DNS names (for IP/DNS-compatible
computers) or by using NetBIOS names (for computers that are running
Windows 3.x, Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT 3.5 or later,
Windows 95, or Windows 98, or it can be used on a network
where IP transport is not available).
- domain hierarchy
- The parent-child tree structure of domains.
- domain local group
- A Windows 2000 group only available in native mode domains
and can contain members from anywhere in the forest, in trusted forests,
or in a trusted pre-Windows 2000 domain. Domain local groups
can only grant permissions to resources within the domain in which
they exist. Typically, domain local groups are used to gather security
principals from across the forest to control access to resources within
the domain.
- domain migration
- The process of moving accounts, resources, and their associated
security objects from one domain structure to another.
- domain name
- In Windows 2000 and Active Directory, the name given by an
administrator to a collection of networked computers that share a
common directory. For DNS, domain names are specific node names in
the DNS namespace tree. DNS domain names use singular node names,
known as "labels," joined together by periods (.) that indicate
each node level in the namespace. See also Domain Name System (DNS);
namespace.
- domain name label
- Each part of a full DNS domain name that represents a node in the
domain namespace tree. Domain names are made up of a sequence of labels,
such as the three labels ("noam," "reskit," and
"com") that make up the DNS domain name "noam.reskit.com."
Each label used in a DNS name must have 63 or fewer characters.
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- A hierarchical naming system used for locating domain names on the
Internet and on private TCP/IP networks. DNS provides a service for
mapping DNS domain names to IP addresses, and vice versa. This allows
users, computers, and applications to query the DNS to specify remote
systems by fully qualified domain names rather than by IP addresses.
See also domain; Ping.
- domain namespace
- The database structure used by the Domain Name System (DNS). See
also Domain Name System (DNS).
- domain naming master
- The domain controller that has the domain naming master role is
the only domain controller that can do the following: Add new domains
to the forest; Remove existing domains from the forest; Add or remove
cross-reference objects to external directories. See also Active Directory;
domain controller; multimaster replication; operations master; replication.
- domain restructure
- The process of reorganizing one domain structure into another that
typically results in the accounts, groups, and trusts being altered.
- domain tree
- In DNS, the inverted hierarchical tree structure that is used to
index domain names. Domain trees are similar in purpose and concept
to the directory trees used by computer filing systems for disk storage.
See also domain name; namespace.
- domain upgrade
- The process of replacing an earlier operating system version on
the computers in a domain with a later version.
- domain-based Dfs
- An implementation of Dfs that stores its configuration information
in Active Directory. Because this information is made available on
every domain controller in the domain, domain-based Dfs provides high
availability for any distributed file system in the domain. A domain-based
Dfs root has the following characteristics: it must be hosted on a
domain member server, it has its topology published automatically
to Active Directory, it can have root-level shared folders and it
supports root and file replication through File Replication service.
- dots per inch (DPI)
- The standard used to measure screen and printer resolution, expressed
as the number of dots that a device can display or print per linear
inch. The greater the number of dots per inch, the better the resolution.
- dotted decimal notation
- The format of an IP address after it is divided along byte boundaries,
converted to decimal (Base 10 numbering system), and separated by
periods (.). (Example: 192.168.3.24)
- drain
- For Network Load Balancing, a program that disables new traffic
handling for the rule whose port range contains the specified port.
All ports specified by the port rule are affected. See also drainstop;
port rule.
- drainstop
- For Network Load Balancing, a tool that disables all new traffic
handling on the specified hosts. The hosts then enter the draining
mode to complete existing connections. While draining, hosts remain
in the cluster and stop their cluster operations when there are no
more active connections. You can terminate draining mode by explicitly
stopping cluster mode with the stop command or by restarting new traffic
handling with the start command. To drain connections from a specific
port, use the drain command. See also drain.
- dump file
- A file used to store data in memory in case of failure.
- duplex
- A system capable of transmitting information in both directions
over a communications channel. See also full-duplex; half-duplex.
- DVD decoder
- A hardware or software component that allows a digital video disc
(DVD) drive to display movies on your computer screen. See also DVD
disc; DVD drive.
- DVD disc
- A type of optical disc storage technology. A digital video disc
(DVD) looks like a CD-ROM disc, but it can store greater amounts of
data. DVD discs are often used to store full-length movies and other
multimedia content that requires large amounts of storage space. See
also DVD decoder; DVD drive.
- DVD drive
- A disk storage device that uses digital video disc (DVD) technology.
A DVD drive reads both CD-ROM and DVD discs; however, a DVD decoder
is necessary to display DVD movies on your computer screen. See also
DVD decoder; DVD disc.
- Dvorak keyboard
- An alternative keyboard with a layout that makes the most frequently
typed characters more accessible to people who have difficulty typing
on the standard QWERTY layout.
- DWORD
- A data type composed of hexadecimal data with a maximum allotted
space of 4 bytes.
- dynamic disk
- A physical disk that is managed by Disk Management. Dynamic disks
can contain only dynamic volumes (that is, volumes created by using
Disk Management). Dynamic disks cannot contain partitions or logical
drives, nor can they be accessed by MS-DOS. See also dynamic volume;
partition.
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP)
- A networking protocol that provides safe, reliable, and simple TCP/IP
network configuration and offers dynamic configuration of Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses for computers. DHCP ensures that address conflicts
do not occur and helps conserve the use of IP addresses through centralized
management of address allocation.
- dynamic ports
- Ports in the range from 49151 - 65535 that are issued on a randomly
numbered basis.
- dynamic priority
- The priority value to which a thread's base priority is adjusted
to optimize scheduling.
- dynamic re-keying
- A method used by IPSec policy to control how often a new key is
generated during the communication. The communication is sent in blocks,
and each block of data is secured with a different key. This prevents
an attacker who has obtained part of a communication and the corresponding
session keys from obtaining the rest of the message.
- dynamic router
- A router with dynamically configured routing tables. Dynamic routing
consists of routing tables that are built and maintained automatically
through an ongoing communication between routers. This communication
is facilitated by a routing protocol. Except for their initial configuration,
dynamic routers require little ongoing maintenance, and therefore
can scale to larger internetworks.
- dynamic routing
- The use of routing protocols to update routing tables. Dynamic routing
responds to changes in the internetwork topology.
- dynamic update
- An updated specification to the Domain Name System (DNS) standard
that permits hosts that store name information in DNS to dynamically
register and update their records in zones maintained by DNS servers
that can accept and process dynamic update messages.
- dynamic volume
- A logical volume that is created using Disk Management. Dynamic
volumes include simple, spanned, striped, mirrored, and RAID-5 volumes.
Dynamic volumes must be created on dynamic disks. See also dynamic
disk; volume.
- dynamic-link library (DLL)
- A feature of the Microsoft Windows family of operating systems and
the OS/2 operating system. DLLs allow executable routines, generally
serving a specific function or set of functions, to be stored separately
as files with .dll extensions, and to be loaded only when needed by
the program that calls them.
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